Motion picture camera and the like



Jan. 21, 1936. 5 HOWELL 2,028,608

MOTION PICTURE CAMERA AND THE LIKE Filed Jan. 12; 1931 12 Sheets-Sheet 1 *b fiillifi Jan. 21, 1936. A. s. HOWELL MOTION PICTURE CAMERA AND THE LIKE Filed Jan. 12, 1931 12 Sheets-Sheet 2 Jan. 21, 1936. A. s. HOWELL I MOTION PICTURE CAMERA AND THE LIKE Filed Jan. 12,1931 12 Sheets-Sheet 5 Jan. 21, 1936. A. s. HOWELL MOTION PICTURE CAMERA AND THE LIKE l2 Sheets-Shet 4 Filed Jan. 12, 1931 Jan. 21, 1936. A, s; HOWE L 2,028,608

MOTION PICTURE CAMERA AND THE LIKE Filed Jan. 12, 1931 12 Sheets-Sheet 5 Jan. 21, 1936. A. s. HOWELL MOTION PICTURE CAMERA AND THE LIKE l2 Sheets-Sheet 6 Filed Jan 12, 1951 Jan. 21, 1936. A. s. HOWELL MOTION PICTURE CAMERA AND THE LIKE Filed Jan. 12, 1931 12 Sheets-Sheet 7 dzerid yam z MYM w- Maw. v T,. .2... W aaaa Rx Jan. 21, 1936.

A. s. HOWELL 2,028,608

MOTION PICTURE CAMERA AND THE LIKE Filed Jan. 12, 1931 12 SheetsSheet 8 Jan. 21, 1936. A. s. HOWELL MOTION PICTURE CAMERA AND THE LIKE Filed Jan. 12, 1931 12 Sheets-Sheet 9 Imam Q/eri d hw/Z M M Jan. 21, 1936.

A. s. HOWELL MOTION PICTURE CAMERA AND THE LIKE Filed Jan. l2, 1931 12"Sheets-Sheet 10 d/erz d 6491021! Jan; 21, 1936. A. s. H'OWELL 2,028,608

MOTION PICTURE CAMERA AND THE LIKE Filed Jan. 12, 1931 12 Sheets-Sheet 11 mum!!! m'u umzw Inl- u HM 2 1% WNW Jan. 21, 1936. A. s. HOWELL 2,028,608

MOTION PICTURE CAMERA AND THE LIKE Filed Jan. 12, 1931 12 she ets-sheet l2 Patented Jan. 21; 1936 PATENT OFFICE MOTION PICTURE CAMERA AND rm: LIKE Albert S. Howell, Chicago, Ill., assignor to The I Bell & Howell Company, Chicago, Ill., a corporation oi Illinois Application January 12, 1931, Serial No. 508,02? 25 Claims. (oi; ere-lad) My invention relates particularly to motion picture cameras of the spring driven or field type although not limited to this use alone.

The general 'object of my invention resides in 5 the provision of a novel motion picture camera which is compact, eflicient, and convenient particularly with reference to the loading and unloading of film, and all with a view toward satisfactory nonprofessional use.

With this object in view my invention consists in certain features of novelty in the construction, combination and arrangement of parts by which the said object and certain other objects, hereinafter appearing, are effected, all as fully de: 5 scribed with reference to the accompanying drawings and more particularly pointed out in the appended claims.

In the said drawings- Figure 1 is a side elevation of a motion pic- 2 ture camera embodying my invention; v Figure 2 is an opposite side elevation of the same; I

Figure 3 is a front elevation of the same;

Figure is a rear elevation of the same;

Figure 5 is a partial bottom elevation of the same with the cover of the casing in open position;

Figure 6 is an enlarged central vertical forwardly and rearwardly extending section of the so camera;

Figure 7 is an enlarged section of the camera on the line 'l| of Figure 8;

Figure 8 is an enlarged topplan view of the camera with the casing thereof broken away and shown in section;

Figure 9 is a partial section on the line 9-9 of Figure 8;

Figure 10 is a front elevation of the camera with the front piece of the casing removed;

tially on the line ll-II of Figure 12;

Figure 12 is a partial interior view;

Figure 13 is an interior sectional view substantially on the line |3-|3 of Figure 8;

Figure 14 is a partial view similar to Figure 13 55 tional views in side elevation of the automatic Figure 11 is a partial sectional view substan-' on the front stop mechanism of the camera and showing the parts in different positions;

Figure 19 is an interior sectional view in side elevation showing the intermittent film feed and exposure shutter mechanism in a difierent position than that in which it is shown in Figure Figure 20 is an interior sectional view in side elevation showing a portion of the greater portion of the manually controlled starting and stopping mechanism of the camera;

Figure 21 is an interior sectional view in side elevation showing the remainder of the manu ally controlled starting and stopping mechanism of the camera;

Figure 22 is an axial section of the centrifugal speed governor of the camera;

Figure 23 is an axial section of one of the firm roll drive spindles oi the camera;

Figure 24 is a perspective view of the interchangeable film magazine of the camera;

Figure 25 is a side elevation of the magazine with the cover thereof removed;

Figure 26 is an enlarged section on the line 26-26 of Figure 25;

Figure 27 is a perspective view of the several elements of the intermittent film feed exposure guide of the magazine; and,

Figure 28 is an enlarged front elevation of the magazine.

Like characters designate'like parts in the several views.

Referring to the drawings, the casing of the camera is of rectangular form elongated forwardly and rearwardly and consists of a main portion I open at the front and provided with a rearwardly disposed opening embracing portions of one side, the top, the bottom, and rear wall thereof, a cover 2 forming these portions of said walls to close said opening and hinged,

' as designated at 3, at the rear wall portion of the casing for opening and closing movement, and'a front wall portion 4 detachably secured of the main portion and forming the front thereof. See Figures 1 to 5 inclusive, and 8.

Arranged within the casing adjacent and parallel to the closed wall of the casing is a mechanism frame of rectangular forwardly and rearwardly elongated shape, consistingof parallel frame plates 5. secured in spaced relation by spacing devices 6, this frame being insertable in andremovable from the casing through the open front end of the main portion I while the front wall portion 4 is removed. See Figures 3; 4 and i 2:; h

which is formed by the cover 2, and disposed in this chamber is an interchangeable forwardly and rearwardly elongated film magazine 9 for containing sensitized film, the magazine being registered in predetermined position by means of projections II on the adjacent frame plate of the mechanism frame engaging depressions l2 in the inner wall of the magazine, see Figures 6, 26 and 28, and a spring l3 on the inside of the side Wall portion of the cover 2 urging the magazine against this frame plate when the door is closed, see Figure 8, the cover being latched in closed position by means hereinafter described.

The magazine-9 is insertable into the camera casing and removable therefrom through the rearwardly disposed opening of the main casing portion 1 when the cover 2 is in open position, as shown in Figure ,5, by slanting the magazine, grasping of therear portion of the magazine at the top and bottom thereof by the fingers of ones hand being permitted by reason of the rearward opening of the camera casing embracing the rear portion of the topand bottom walls of the casing, the fact that this opening of the camera casing'embraces portions of the rear and the adjacent portion of a side wall of the casing permitting the necessary slanting of the magazine.

Thus, it will be observed that the magazine is insertable into and removable from the camera casing with forward-and rearward movement, this movement being adapted to mechanism at the front of the magazine chamber, hereinafter described, and the front portion of the side wall of the casing forming the magazine chamber desirably overlying this mechanism.

Carried on the mechanism frame between the frame plates '5 at its rear end is a spiral spring I motor disposed on a transverse axis, generally indicated at ll, see Figures 7, 8 and -9, which is wound by means of a handle 15 on the exterior of the adjacent side wall of the camera casing, see Figures 2, 8 and 9.

' The casing of the spring motor forms the driving member thereof and has formed, on the periphery thereof, a spur gear l5. See Figures 8, l3 and 16. Carried on the mechanism frame and extending forwardly from the spring motor is an increasing movement spur gear train, generally indicated at IT, comprising gears disposed on transverse axes being the frame plates 5.

The rearward gear of this gear train meshes with the gear [6 so that the gear train is driven from the spring motor i l, and the forward portion of the gear train comprises a pinion l8 secured on a cam shaft 19 arranged adjacent the front of and intermediate the top and bottom of the mechanism frame, and a large spur gear 2i normal to the plane thereof, and is formed of a body member 24 and a cover member 25, these members being provided with engaged edge fianges 26 and 21 of which the flange 26 forms 25, 26 and 28.

The film magazine is provided at its front end with an intermittent film feed. exposure guide curved correspondingly with the front wall portion thereof and through which a motion picture film 28 in the magazine passes. This exposure guide consists as follows.

The front wall portion of the magazine is provided with an intermediately disposed exposure aperture 29 alined with a photographic lens 3| mounted in an aperture in the front wall portion 4 of the camera casing, and is further provided with a vertically extending feed slot 32 therethrough between the aperture 29 and the usual marginal feed perforations in the film.

A guide member 33, within the magazine and curved correspondingly with the front wall portion of the magazine, is arranged in underlying relation with said front wall portion and. with the apertured portion thereof and light traps the apertures 29 and 32 from the interior of the magazine. See Figures 25 to 28 inclusive.

The guide member 33 is provided with longitudinal edge flanges 34 engaging against the ininner side of the magazine and'alinedvwith the construction permitting convenient assembly and removal of the guide member for cleaning and movement of the guide member away from said front wall portion for lacing film in the guide formed by said guide member and said front wall portion.

The intermediate edge portion of the guide member 33 adjacent the cover member 25 of the magazine is interrupted, as designated at 38, and a flat spring is secured on the cover member and extending through the interruption 38 engages the adjacent edge of the film in the guide to exert edge pressurethereon, it being observed that this spring is removed from the guide with removal of the cover member 25 from the body member 24 for loading the magazine.

The magazine 9 is provided with two forwardly and rearwardly spaced revoluble film roll spindles 39 therein which are disposed on the axes of the semicircular ends of the magazine, and fixed on these spindles are film spools M on which are carried the feed and rewind rolls of the film, the forward spool carrying the feed roll and the rearward spool carrying the rewind roll. See Figures 25 and 26.

The axes of the spindles 39 and accordingly the axes of the semicircular ends of the magazine are spaced less than the diameter of a full roll of film thereon to decrease the dimension of the magazine in the axial plane of the spindles, this being permissible in that as one film roll increases the other decreases in diameter.

The arrangement of the intermittent feed guide at the front end of themagazine with the axes of the film rolls disposed in forwardly and rearwardly spaced relation is conducive, as shown. of a forwardly and rearwardly elongated camera casing and effects stretches of film of adequate length between the intermittent feed I guide and the film rolls for compensating, the

intermittent feed of the film in the guide, with particular advantage in the construction shown in which the fihn is fed directly between the guide and the film rolls as will be hereinafter described.

The exposure guide 33 cooperates with an intermittent film feed and exposure device of th camera mechanism now to be described.

A shuttle lever 42 is pivotally mounted sub-- stantially on the axis of the front wall portion of the magazine, as designated at 43, and disposed to the inside of the magazine on the adjacent frame plate 5. See Figures 13, 15, and 19. This shuttle lever extends forwardly from the pivot mounting 43 and is provided at its front end with a portion 44 projecting transversely in front of the magazine and to which is attached a spring member 45 bent on itself and provided at the free end thereof with a ratchet tooth 46 projecting rearwardly through the feed slot 32 of the magazine and having a ratchet engagement with the perforations of the film in the exposure guide to intermittently feed the film downwardly in the guide with oscillation of the shuttle.

The adjacent face of the gear- 2:] on the cam shaft i9 is provided with a cam groove 4'1, and a stud 48 mounted intermediately on the shuttle lever 42 is engaged in this cam groovefor oscillating the shuttle lever with rotation of the gear 2i.

Also pivoted at the mounting as in coaxial relation with shuttle 42 and disposed to the inside of the magazine is a shutter lever 49 which extends forwardly and is provided at its front end with a portion 5| projecting transversely in front of the magazine and to which is fixed a shutter 52 arranged to interrupt the photographic light between the photographic lens 3| and the film in the exposure guide at the exposure aperture 29 with oscillation of the shutter lever.

A lever 53 is intermediately pivoted on the adjacent frame plate 5 in parallelism with the pivotal axis of the shutter lever 49, as designated at 54, and has its forward end operatively connected with the intermediate portion of the shutter lever by means of a link 55 pivotally connected with' both of these levers, so thatoscillation of the lever 53 efiectsoscillation of the shutter lever. other end of the lever 53 is engaged in the cam groove 41 at a point spaced from the engagement of the stud '48 with the cam groove for oscillating the shutter in timed relation with the oscillation of the shuttle lever.

A second shutter 51 is secured on the transversely projecting portion 44 of the shuttle lever 42 which in the oscillation of the shuttle lever intermittentlyinterrupts the photographic light between the photographic lens and the film in the exposure guide at the exposure aperture 29.

The shutters 52. and 51 cooperate in intermittently exposing the film at the aperture 29 and the timing of the oscillations thereof is such that, at the initiation of the downward or film feeding movement of the shuttle lever 42', theshutters are in slightly overlapped continuing relation with the shutter .51 extending above the shutter 52, and the shutter 52 overlying the exposure aperture 29, see Figure 15, and this A stud 56 mounted on the as shown in Figure 19 it dwells there by reason of the stud 56 passing through the dwell portion of the cam groove 41 while the shuttle lever 42 is moved upwardly and with it the shutter 5? -to shut off the light at the exposure aperture 29 and the feed member 45 on its return or nonfeeding movement.

At the end of this operation the cycle of the feed and exposure mechanism is completed, the parts being in the position as shown in Figure 15 preparatory to another cycle.

Thus is provided a simple and effective intermittent film feed and exposure mechanism which is well adapted for the general design of the camera shown and which efiects the exposure light out off and cut on in the same direction with oscillating means to effect a uniform exposure over the area of the exposure aperture. The film in the magazine 9 is fed to and from the film rolls and the exposure guide in the following manner.

The inner ends of the film roll spindles 39 have detachable clutch engagements with revoluble film roll drive spindles carried with the.

camera mechanism, the film roll drive spindles being coaxial with the spindle 39 when the magazine is mounted in the camera, these detachable clutch engagements providing for the insertion and removal of the magazine.

The forward film roll drive spindle which drives the forward or rewind roll in the magazineconsists as follows. See Figures 11 and 13. An axially bored ratchet pinion 58 extends between and is rotatably mounted in bores through the inner frame plate 5 and an additional frame plate 59 arranged between the frame plates 5 and secured in adjacent parallelism with the inner frame plate 5 by means of spacing studs 6|. A stud 62 is slidably engaged in the bore of the pinion 58, and secured on the end of this stud adjacent camera is a diametrically arranged clutch member 63 which is slidably engaged in a diametrical slot 64 in the adjacent end of the pinion 58 to provide a drive connection therebetween and to and clutch member 63 pinion.

Each of the film roll spindles 39 is provided at its inner end with a diametrical clutch slot 65, the slot of the forward spindle 39 being detachably engageable with the clutch-member 63 to format driving connection and the stud 62 and clutch member 63 being retractible away from engagement with the slot 65 of this spindle to permit rearward and forward movement of the magazine for insertion or removal of the maga- -permit longitudinal movement of the stud 62 with reference to the zine 9."

The longitudinal position of the stud 62 the clutch member 63 is controlled through the following structure. See Figures 11 and 12. A lever 66 is pivoted on the frame plate 59, as designated at 61, and one end thereof'is bifurcated and engages under a head 68 on the stud 62 for and retracting it and the clutch member 63. Normally this lever is maintained in a position, as shown in Figure 11, to permit the stud and clutch member to be positioned to engage the slot 65 of the forward spindle 39, a spring 59 yieldably urging the stud into clutch engaging position. Control of the lever 66 in its movement is effected by means hereinafter described.

The rear film roll drive spindle which drives the rear or film feed roll in the magazine con-'- sists as follows. See Figures 9, 13 and 23. A second axially bored ratchet pinion 58. spaced rearwardly from the aforementioned pinion 58 extends between and is rotatably mounted in bores through the inner frame plate 5 and the frame plate. 59. This pinion is'disposed coaxially with the spring motor I4 and the hub thereof projects into an axially bored hub II of the spring motor. See Figure 23.

A stud I2 is slidable in the bore of the second pinion 58, and secured on the end of this stud adjacent the magazine chamber of the camera is a second diametrically arranged clutch member 63 which is slidably engaged in a second diametrical slot 64 in the adjacent end of the second pinion 58 to provide :a drive connection therebetween and to permit {longitudinal movement of the stud I2 and its clutch member 63 with reference to this pinion. A helical compression spring 13 is arranged in an enlargement at the inner end of the bore of said second pinion 58 and reacting thereagainst yieldably urges the stud I2 and its clutch member 63 into engaging relation with the clutch slot 65 of the rear film roll spindle 39, the yielding of this stud and clutch member permitting positioning of the magazine in the camera when the clutch member and slot are not in alinement, engagement thereof being effected with rotation of this drive spindle.

The film roll drive spindles are driven from the camera mechanism to effect the feeding of the film at the film rolls at a substantially uniform rate corresponding with the rate of feed of the film by the intermittent feed mechanism in the following manner. See Figures l3, l4 and 16.

slidably mounted on the frame'plate 59 for rearward and forward movement and disposed with a cam groove TI, and pivotallyqnounted at the angle thereof on the frame. plate 59, as

designated at I8, and disposed in a plane between this frame plate and the spring motor casing is a bell crank I9, one end of which is provided with a stud 8| engaged in the cam groove TI to oscillate the bell crank as the motor casing rotates to drive the camera mechanism] The other end of this bell crank is turned transversely, as designated at 92, and, projecting through an arcual aperture 83 in the frame plate 59, engages in an aperture 84 in the intermediate portion of the ratchet bar I4 to reciprocate the same to intermittently rotate the film roll drive spindles, the film roll spindles 39, the film spools H and two additional ratchet bars 86.

effects a uniform angular rate of drive vof the film rolls and cooperating therewith is additional fihn roll driving mechanism for effecting uniform feed movement of the film at the film rolls corresponding with the rate of feed of the film by the intermittent feed mechanism, which will now be described. See Figures 13, 14 and 16.

Pivotally mounted, as designated at 85, on the intermediate portion of the ratchet bar I4 are One of these ratchet bars 86 extends forwardly from its pivot mounting-ratchet teeth 81 of which are yieldably engaged upwardly on the teeth of the forward pinion 58 by means of a lever 88 intermediately pivoted on the frame plate 59, as designated at 89, and having a stud 9I at its forward end slidably engaged ina longitudinal slot 92 in the forward ratchet bar 86 and a spring 93 having one end secured with the frame plate 59 and having its other end engaged with the rear end of the lever 88 to yieldably urge this ratchet bar upwardly against the forward pinion 58.

The other of the ratchet bars 86 extends-rearwardly and ratchet teeth 81 of this bar are yieldably engaged upwardly on the teeth of the rear pinion 58 by means of a lever 94 pivoted on the frame plate 59, as designated at 95, and

.positioned as hereinafter described and having a spring 96 secured at one end on this lever, as). designated at 91, this spring having a portion.- bent on itself and arranged in a suitable recess 98 in the lever and having the free end thereof projecting transversely, as designated at 99, and slidably engaged in a longitudinal slot IOI in the rear ratchet bar 86, the lever 94 being positioned in its pivotal movement in a mannerhereinafter described.

, In the reciprocation of the ratchet bar I4 the ratchet bars 86 are 'reciprocated therewith, the stud 9| slidably engaged in the slot 92 and the spring end 99 slidably engaged in the slot IOI providingfor such reciprocation, and when these ratchet bars are engaged with the pinions 58.- they provide an additional driving means cooperating with the driving means provided by the ratchet bar 14 of itself for driving the film rolls at a fast or maximum rate, this additional driving means being adaptedto be rendered inoperative independently with reference to the film 'IOIIS and being controlled with respect thereto in a manner now tobe described.

Extending between the frame plates 5 and journaled therein is a revoluble shaft I02 on which is secured a ratchet wheel I03.- 'See Figures 13 and 14. The spring motor casing is provided at the side thereof adjacent the frame plate, 59 with an externally eccentric hub I04, see Figures 16 and 23, upon which is journaled a bored end of a bar I05. The bar I05 extends downwardly from this hub and is provided with a ratchet tooth I06 which is yieldably urged into engagement with the ratchet wheel I03. by a ,spring I'I secured t'o the frame plate 59 and engaging the bar I adjacent the lower endshown, one revolution for the run of the film and 14.

in the magazine of the camera. See Figures 13 Secured on the shaft I02 are two cams I 08, one of which is engaged by the rear end of the lever 88 under the influence of the spring 93 and engaged in a low part of its cam, as shown in Figure 13, the forward ra'tchet bar 86 is engaged with the forward drive pinion 58 and when engaged in .a high part'of this cam, as shown in Figure this pinion. When the lever 84 is engaged in a the rear ratchet bar 88 is inoperative upon the rear pinion 58 and when engaged in a high part, as shown in Figure 14, this ratchet bar is operativeupon this pinion. s

The cams I08 as they are rotated with the camera mechanism intermittently render the ratchet bars 85 inoperative independently with reference to the pinions 58 in opposite progressively varying manners, to accommodate for the decreasing diameter of the feed roll and the increasing diameter of the rewind fihn roll as the camera is operated thereby maintaining a substantially uniform and equal feed movement of the film at the rolls corresponding with the rate of feed of the film by mechanism. As aforesaid, the shaft I02 the intermittent feed run of film in the magazine, the cams I08 are properly positioned when a magazine is placed in the camera preparatory to exposin'g the film "in the magazine, the following is provided.

A lever III is intermediately pivoted, as designated at. H2, on the mechanism frame between the frame. plates and forwardly of the cam shaft I02. See Figures 13, 17 and 18. The forward end of this lever is provided with a brake shoe H3 engageable upwardly against a brake the exterior of the camera disk H4 arranged on and driven by the governor shaft 23 to stop operation of the camera mecha- II5 operates on this lever tion, as shown in Figure 18.

Fixed on the cam shaft I02 is a disk IIG which is operative to normally maintain the lever III in inoperative or nonstopping position, as shown in Figure 17. The disk I I8 is provided with a depression III into which the rear end of the lever III engages when the cam shaft 102 completes a revolution to engage the shoe I I3 against the drum II to stop the camera mechanism, the

. length of the film in the magazine being such that it is completely exposed during the predetermined run of the camera mechanism corresponding with one revolution of the cam shaft.

Thus as the camera mechanism is thus auto-' matically stopped, the cam shaft is positioned preparatory to the removal of the magazine of exposed film and the insertion of another magazine containing unexposed film and the exposure thereof. I

A film footage indicator secured on the cam shaft I02 and is visible from I4, this ratchet bar is inoperative upon of its cam I08, as shown in Figure 13,

is a one revolutionshaft, that is, it makes one revolution for the and in order that H8 is desirably casing. See Figure 2. A centrifugal speed governor, generally indicated at M9, see Figures 18 and 22, is associated with the governor shaft 23 and has its rotor fixed on the brake disk .I I4 for effecting a. uniform speed of operation of the camera mechanism, the brake disk being driven from the cam shaft by means of a coaster clutch I20, see Fig-- ure 22, whic permits ove'rrunning of the brake disk and the rotor of the governor when: the

camera mechanism is stopped by the manually controlled starting and stopping mechanism now to be described.

A manually controlled starting and stopping mechanism is provided for starting and stopping' at will during the aforerun of the camera mechaas follows.

of the lever I2I-for the manual actuation of thislever in the corresponding direction, a spring I24 being operative upon this lever to actuate it and the push button in the opposite direction.

Theforward portion of the lever I2I overlies the cam shaft I9 and is provided withv a transversely extending stop portion I25 which overlies a disk 326 fixed on this camshaft. See Figures 10 and 21. a slot I 21 extending inwardly from the periphery thereof on a chord thereof and terminating at its inner end within said periphery with an enlargement I28, thus forming a somewhat yieldable stop formation, gageable at its outer end with the stop portion E25 when the lever I2I is under the influence of the. spring 820 to stop operation of the camera mechanism, as shown in Figure 21. Downward pressure on the push button I23 moves the stop portion I25 upwardly out of engagement with the stop formation I29 for operation of the camera mechanism.

Also fixed on the cam shaft I8 is a disk I3I having a diameter less than that of the disk I26, and the disk I 3I is provided with a peripheral depression 532. See Figure 20. The lever I2I is provided adjacent its forward end with a downward projection I33 which peripherally engages the disk 526 to maintain the stop portion i 25 out of engagement with thedisk I26 and engages in the depression I32 to permit engagement of the stop portion I25 with the stop formation I 29.

Accordingly, the stop portion I25 is held out formation I29 is adjacent the stop portion I 25, the disk I3I being smaller than the disk I26 so that its engagement with the projection I33 causes less frictional drag on the camera mechanism when the push button I23 is released with consequent decrease in slowing down of the camera mechanism before stoppage thereof.

Disposed between the frame plate 58 and the inner frame plate 5 and in parallelism therewith adjacent the frame plate 53, is a forwardly and, rearwardly extending plate I34 which is mounted for forward and rearward movement by means of slots I35 therethrough engaging the is intermediately pivoted, as desig- This disk is provided with,

as designated at I29, en-

upper studs GI and a screw stud I38 at the forures 8 and 13.

This plate I34 is provided with a transverse extension I31 at the top rear corner thereof extending toward the rear opening of the casing, see Figure 5, and this extension is operatively connected with the cover 2 of the camera casing by means of a link I38 pivotally connected with the cover, as designated at I39, and having a longitudinal slot and stud pivot and sliding connection I with the extension I31, so that, upon final opening movement of the cover, the plate I34 is moved rearwardly, and upon final closing movement of the cover this plate is moved forwardly to the position' shown in Fi ure 13.

The forward end of the plate I34 is provided with a transversely projecting portion I42 overlying the forward end of the lever I2I, which portion engages the lever I2I to hold it in stopping position when the plate I34 is positioned rearwardly by the positioning of the cover 2 in open position, thus preventing operation of the camera mechanism by depression of the push button I23. See Figures 10 and 20. When the plate I34 is positioned forwardly, as shown in Figure 13, the portion I42 thereof is disengaged from the lever I2I to permit operation of the camera mechanism. Thus, when the cover 2 is open the push button starting and stopping mechanism is inoperative to start the camera mechanism and when the cover is closed this v starting and stopping mechanism is operative to start and stop the camera mechanism.

A vertically arranged lever I43 is intermediately pivoted on the lower forward stud BI and has its upper end turned transversely and engaged in an aperture through the plate I34, as

- designated at I44. See Figures 13 and 20. The

lower end of the lever I43 is provided with a transversely projecting portion the rear end of the brake lever III to move the same into brake released position with rearward movement of the plate I34 caused by opening of the cover 2, it being noted that this movement of the plate I34 locks the push button starting and stopping mechanism in stopping position so that release of the brake does not start the camera mechanism.

A latch lever I41 is pivotally mounted at its upper end on a bracket I48 disposedbetween the frame'plates 5 and carried by the inner frame plate 5. See Figures 10 and 13. The lower end of this latch lever is provided with a latch formation I49 which is adapted to engage over a transverse projection I5I on the forward end of the brake lever III to maintain the brake lever in release or nonstopping position. See Figures 13 and 17.

A lever I52 is pivotally mounted at its lower end between the frame plates 5, and a link I53 has its ends pivotally connected with the levers I41 and I52 whereby the lever I52 is operatively connected with the lever I41. A spring I54 is secured on the mechanism frame and a free end thereof operates against the lever I52 to move it and the lever I41 rearwardly to yieldably urge the lever I41 against the projection I5I and to engage the latch formation I49 with this projection to lock the brake lever III in release position when the lever I43 so positions the brake lever.

The lever I52 is provided with a tooth formation I55 which engages in a tooth space of the :atchet wheel I93 when the latch formation I49 of the lever I41 engages t projection I5I to I45 which is adapted to engage under a cam portion I46 on cover 2 effected by closing the cover 2.

lock the brake lever in released position, and when the camera mechanism is started the adjacent tooth of the ratchet wheel cams the lever I52 forwardly to release the latch member from the brake lever, the brake lever then being maintained in release position engagement of the rear end of the brake lever with the disk I I6, the depression II1 of this disk having moved out of registry with the disk engaging portion of the brake lever during release movement of the latch lever.

The mechanism just described functions during the interchange of magazines and its action is as follows.

When the film in the magazine has been completely exposed in the predetermined run of the camera mechanism the single revolution shaft I92 is at the end of its cycle, preparatory to another cycle, and the depression I I1 having registered with the disk engaging portion of the brake lever, the brake lever III is operated by the spring II5 into braking or stopping position, thus stopping the camera mechanism.

The cover 2 is then opened, causing the brake lever III to be moved to released position in which it is locked by the latch lever I41, the push button starting and stopping mechanism being locked in stopping position at the same time. The magazine in the camera is removed and another magazine containing unexposedfilm is inserted in the camera.

Then the cover 2 is closed, causing unlocking of the push button starting and stopping mechanism, it being noted that the brake lever III is already in released position. Consequently, the camera is in condition for normal operation controlled by the push button starting and stopping mechanism. At the. initiation of the run of the camera mechanism, the depression II1 passes out of registry with the disk engaging portion of the brake lever II I, immediatelyafter which the brake lever is released from the latch lever I41 and is maintained in release position by the disk '6 until the end of the predetermined run of the camera mechanism when the disk engaging portion of the brake lever engages in the depression II1 to stop the camera mechanism at the end of such run.

The aforementioned lever 66 is controlled by the plate I34 by means of the upper'end of the l1 and 12, to engage against a face of the plate I34 when the plate is in its forward position to permit the spring 69 to operate the stud 62 and its clutch member 63 into position to engage the clutch slot 65 ofthe forward film roll spindle 39. When the' plate I34 is in its rear position the portion I56'o'f'the lever 66 engages in a slot I51 in the plate under the influence of the free end of the spring 69 engaging the plate 59, as designated at I58, to retract the stud 62 and its clutch member 63 out of clutch engaged position, the end I56 camming over the edge of the slot I51 in the movement of the plate I34.

Thus, the stud 62, and its clutch member 53 are retracted from clutch engaged position when the plate I34 is in its rear position or when the is open. Consequently the forward clutch member 63 does not interfere with interchange of magazines, this clutch member being moved automatically into clutch engaged position with forward movement of the plate I34 Pivotally mounted on the plate I34 adjacent its rear end is a lever I59 which is yieldably 2,028,608 urged, by a spring lBI on the plate, downwardly against a ratchet bar I62 provided with ratchet teeth 463 engaging downwardly upon the rear or film feed pinion 58, for intermittently rotating the same with reciprocation of the ratchet bar. See Figure 13. The bar I62 is sli'dable forwardly and rearwardly to rotate this pinion, the

rear end of the bar engaging in a forwardly and rearwardly extending slot in the plate 59, as designated at I64.

The rear end of the lever I59 is provided with a forwardly facing abutment I65 adapted to engage a rearwardly facing abutment I66 on the ratchet bar I62 for moving the ratchet bar forwardly to rotate the rear pinion 58 with forward movement of the plate I34 from its rearward position and consequently with closing movement of the cover 2.. An extrusion I61 on the ratchet bar 14 engages the front end of the ratchet bar 562 to move the same rearwardly with rearward movement of the ratchet bar 14, the ratchet bar normally remaining in its rear position.

A stud. I68 on the rear end of the lever I59 engages in a cam slot I69 in the frame plate 59 to raise the rear end of thelevcr I59 out of abutting relation with the ratchet bar I62 when the plate I34 is at the forward end of its movement to permit rearward movement of the ratchet bar I62, the lever I59 establishing abutting relation with this ratchet when the plate I34 is moved to its rearward position.

Thus the rear or feed film roll is given an initial feeding movement independently of the camera mechanism to effect slack in the film for the initial intermittent feed thereof, this initial feeding movement being effected automatically with the closing of the cover 2.

The cover 2 is provided internally with yieldable latch'members I1I at the top and bottom Wall portions thereof, see Figure 2, and these engage cooperating latch formations I12 at the free ends of transverse portions I13 of a forwardly and rearwardly movable plate I14 arranged between the outer frame plate 5 and the adjacent wall of the camera casing. See Figure '1. A spring I15 yieldably urges the plate I14 into its forward position, in which position the latch The forward end of the plate I14 projects transversely and is provided with a forwardly projecting push stud I16 which projects through an aperture in the front wall member 4 of the camera, casing for manual manipulation to operate the plate rearwardly. for unlocking the cover 2 to open the same;

The transversely projecting forward end of the plate I14 is provided with a rearwardlyprojecting portion I11 which lies in front of a cooperating portion I18 on the front end of the brake lever III when the brake lever is in release position to prevent opening of the camera, see Figure 17, thus preventing the camera from being opened until the brake lever is in stopping position as shown in Figure 18. Accordingly the camera cannot be opened until the predetermined run of the camera has taken place.

While I have described and shown the preferred embodiment of my invention I do not wish to be limited to the precise details of construction as changes may readily be made without departing from the spirit of myinvention, but having thus described my invention-I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent the following:

1. In a motion picture film magazine the combination of a magazine of fiat form for containing sensitized film and comprising two members provided with engaged edge flanges one of said casing members having an exposure opening in the flange thereof, a film guide member within the casing and arranged in underlying relation with said opening and light trapping the same from the interior of the casing and forming with-the portion of said flange adjacent said opening a film guide through which the film passes from and to the enclosure of the casing, spring means carried by the last mentioned casing member and interlocked with said guide member to position the same and yieldably urging the same against the flange of this casing .member, and a second spring means carried by the other casing member and yieldably urged against the edge of a film in said guide.

2. In a motion picture camera the combination with a camera device and a magazine for containing sensitized film adapted to be inter-- changeably mounted on the camera device and having its front wall portion curved and-provided with a correspondingly curved intermittent film feed exposure guide, of an intermittent film feed shuttle pivoted on the camera device to one side of said magazine and having a portion projecting transversely in front of the magazine for engagement with-a film in said guide, an exposure shutter pivoted on the camera device at said side of said magazine and having a shutter portion projecting transversely in front of the magazine, and means on said camera. device at said side of the magazine for oscillating said shuttle and shutter in timed relation.

3. In a motion picture camera the combination with a camera device and a magazine for containing sensitized film adapted to be interchangeably mounted on the camera device and having its front wall portion curved and provided with a correspondingly curved intermittent film feed exposure guide, of an intermittent film feed shuttle pivoted on the camera device to one side of said magazine and having a portion projecting transversely in front of the magazine for engagement'with a film in said guide, an exposure shutter pivoted on the camera device at said side of said magazine and having a shutter portion projecting transversely in front of the magazine, a second exposure shutter on said transverse portion of said shuttle, and means on said camera device for oscillating said first mentioned shutter and said shuttle in timed relation whereby said shutters cooperate to effect a light out off and cut on in the same direction.

film feed shuttle pivoted on the camera device to one side of said magazine substantially on the axis of said curved wall portion and having a portion projecting transversely in front of the magazinefor engagement with a film in said guide, an exposure shutter pivoted on said camera device at said'side of said magazine and substantially coaxial with said shuttle and having a shutter portion projecting transversely in front Q of the magazine, a second exposure shutter on said transverse portion of said shuttle, a revoluble cam on said camera device at said side ing relation with the feed movement of said shuttle and in separate successive relation in the other direction for effecting a light cut off and cut on in the same direction.

5. In a motion picture machine the combinetion with a revoluble cam, of a pivoted intermittent film feed shuttle, a light shutter pivoted coaxially with said shuttle, an engagement between said cam and the intermediate portion of said shuttle for oscillating the shuttle, an intermediately pivoted lever, a second engagement spaced from said first mentioned engagement between said cam and one end of said lever for oscillating said lever, and an operative connection between the other end of said lever and said shutter for oscillating the same. 4

6. In a motion picture machine the combination of a revoluble ratchet toothed film roll drive element, a reciprocating ratchet member engaging said drive element for driving the same, a

second ratchet member mounted on said first mentioned ratchet member for reciprocation therewith and engaging said drive element to cooperate therewith to drive said drive element at a fast rate, and automatic means for intermittently rendering said second ratchet member inoperative to effect a substantially uniform rate of feed movement of the film at the roll.

7. In a motion picture machine the combination of means for driving a film roll, additional means cooperating with said first mentioned means to drive said film roll at a faster rate and adapted to be rendered inoperative, and cam means operating in timed relation with said driving means for intermittently rendering said additional driving means inoperative to effect a substantially uniform rate of feed movement of the film at the roll.

8. In a motion picture machine the combination of two reciprocable ratchet members cooperating -for driving a film roll at a fast rate, a revoluble member for reciprocating said ratchet members, and a cam member operating in timed relation with said revoluble member for intermittently rendering one of said ratchet members inoperative to effect a substantially uniform rate of feed movement of the film at the roll.

9. In a motion picture machine the combination of two ratchet members cooperating, for driving a film roll at a fast rate, a revoluble cam member for reciprocatingsaid ratchet members, a second revoluble cam member for intermittently rendering one of said ratchet memelements at a fast rate, and automatic means intermittently rendering said additional ratchet means inoperative independently with reference to said drive elements and in opposite progressively varying manners to effect a substantially uniform and equal rate of feed movement of the film at said drive elements.

11. In a motion picture machine the combination with two revoluble ratchet toothed film roll drive elements arranged in spaced parallelism, of

. a reciprocable ratchet member extending therebetween and engaging said drive elements to drive the same, two additional ratchet members pivotally mounted for independent movement on said first mentioned ratchet member and engaging respective of said drive elements and cooperating with said first mentioned ratchet member to drive said drive elements at a fast rate, a

.revoluble cam member for reciprocating said ratchet members, a second revoluble cam member provided with two cam formations for intermittently rendering said additional ratchet members inoperative independently with reference to said drivr elements and in opposite progressively varying, manners, a ratchet wheel fixed with said second cam member, and a third reciprocable ratchet member operatively connected with said first mentioned cam member and engaging said ratchet wheel to rotate said second cam member.

12. In a motion picture machine the combination of means operated bythe mechanism of the machine for driving a film roll, additional means operated by the mechanism of the machine and cooperating withsaid first mentioned means to drive said film roll at a faster rate and adapted to be rendered inoperative, means operated in timed relation with the mechanism of the machine and intermittently rendering said additional means inoperative in a predetermined progressively varying manner to effect a substantially uniform rate of feed movement of the film at the roll, and means for automatically stopping operation of the machine at the end of a cycle of said third mentioned means.

13. In a motion picture machine the combination of two ratchet devices operated by the mechanism of themachine and cooperating to drive a film roll at a fast rate,- one of said devices beingadapted to be rendered inoperative,

a single revolution element operated in timed relation with the mechanism of the machine, a cam on said single revolution element for intermittently rendering said last mentioned ratchet device inoperative in a predetermined progressively varying manner to effect asubstantially uniform rate of feed movement of the film at the roll, means'for stopping the mechanism of the machine and normally inoperative, and means on said single revolution element for effecting stoppage of said mechanism at th end of each revolution thereof.

14. In a motion picture camera adapted to have a film magazine containing sensitized film interchangeably mounted thereon the combination of means operated by the camera mechanism and detachably connected with feed and rewind film rolls in the magazine and adapted rate of feed movement of the film at said rolls and adapted to operate continuously through successive cycles with continued operation of the camera mechanism, each cycle correspond- 

